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require_once

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dletz@blog.de

19 years ago
Hello everyone, when testing speed of includes and requires i found that "require_once" seems to be very slow in comparison to "require". Even worse "require_once" seems to be slower than a php function "myrequire_once". This is true not only for cli but also when using apc or eAccelerator. Does anyone has an explanation for this? Testcode: <? $start_time = microtime(true); function myrequire_once($file) { static $loaded = array(); if (!array_key_exists($file, $loaded)) { $loaded[$file] = 1; require $file; } } for ($i=0;$i<1000;$i++) { require_once('manyClasses/'.$i.'.class.php'); //myrequire_once('manyClasses/'.$i.'.class.php'); } $execution_time = microtime(true) - $start_time; echo number_format($execution_time,4)."\n"; ?> I first generated the classes in manyClasses with this generation code (you have to create the directory manyClasses first): <? $template = '<? class A%s { private $B%s = "%s"; function C%s($arg1, $arg2) { if (rand() > 1000) return $arg1 + $arg2; else return 0; } }; ?>'; for($i=0; $i< 1000; $i++) { $rand = rand(); $file = sprintf($template, md5($rand), md5($rand+1), md5($rand+2), md5($rand+3)); file_put_contents('manyClasses/'.$i.'.class.php', $file); } ?> Faithfully Dominic Letz

David Sklar

19 years ago
require_once verifies (via stat()) each path component in the path being loaded so that it can canonicalize it to check it against the canonicalized list of already-required files. Run your script below under strace and you will see all of those stats gumming up the works. Note also that if you want maximum performance here, pass full paths, not relative paths, to include/require to avoid any include_path overhead. David On 4/24/07, dletz@blog.de <dletz@blog.de> wrote:

Antony Dovgal

19 years ago
On 04/24/2007 01:07 PM, dletz@blog.de wrote:
> Hello everyone, > > when testing speed of includes and requires i found that "require_once" > seems to be very slow in comparison to "require". Even worse > "require_once" seems to be slower than a php function "myrequire_once". > This is true not only for cli but also when using apc or eAccelerator. > Does anyone has an explanation for this?
require_once() - 0.1315 sec myrequire_once() - 0.7054 sec I.e. your function is ~5 times slower.
-- Wbr, Antony Dovgal

dletz@blog.de

19 years ago
Wow thats fast! On my machine i get these results: Win32 (PHP 5.2.1 CLI) require_once - 1.7735 sec myrequire_once - 1.0973 sec is that with the sources i just send? Am 24.04.2007, 12:10 Uhr, schrieb Antony Dovgal <antony@zend.com>:

Derick Rethans

19 years ago
On Tue, 24 Apr 2007, dletz@blog.de wrote:
> Wow thats fast! > > On my machine i get these results: > Win32 (PHP 5.2.1 CLI)
You use windows, you lose... Don't think that any sort of benchmarking on Windows makes sense... regards, Derick

Antony Dovgal

19 years ago
On 04/24/2007 02:17 PM, dletz@blog.de wrote:
> Wow thats fast! > > On my machine i get these results: > Win32 (PHP 5.2.1 CLI) > > require_once - 1.7735 sec > myrequire_once - 1.0973 sec > > > is that with the sources i just send?
Yes, of course. But I'm using Linux, not windows.
-- Wbr, Antony Dovgal

Marco Tabini

19 years ago
On 24-Apr-07, at 7:00 AM, Antony Dovgal wrote:
> > Yes, of course. > But I'm using Linux, not windows.
Maybe you're even using a machine that is more powerful than his... Mt.

Antony Dovgal

19 years ago
On 04/24/2007 03:01 PM, Marco Tabini wrote:
> On 24-Apr-07, at 7:00 AM, Antony Dovgal wrote: > >> >> Yes, of course. >> But I'm using Linux, not windows. > > Maybe you're even using a machine that is more powerful than his...
Maybe. But I doubt that powerful machines execute internal functions faster than userspace ones.
-- Wbr, Antony Dovgal

Tijnema !

19 years ago
On 4/24/07, Antony Dovgal <antony@zend.com> wrote:
> On 04/24/2007 02:17 PM, dletz@blog.de wrote: > > Wow thats fast! > > > > On my machine i get these results: > > Win32 (PHP 5.2.1 CLI) > > > > require_once - 1.7735 sec > > myrequire_once - 1.0973 sec > > > > > > is that with the sources i just send? > > Yes, of course. > But I'm using Linux, not windows. > > -- > Wbr, > Antony Dovgal
That makes the real difference :) On my 1.1Ghz AMD Linux server: require_once: 0.2046 myrequire_once: 0.8541 And on my AMD 2.2 Ghz AMD Windows XP SP2: require_once: 0.6525 myrequire_once: 0.9448 There's really no improvement on both platforms. But it's more interesting that my 1.1Ghz PC running linux is triple as fast as my 2.2Ghz PC running Windows. (when using require_once) Tijnema

Stanislav Malyshev

19 years ago
>> On my machine i get these results: >> Win32 (PHP 5.2.1 CLI)
Windows has very slow filesystem layer (compared to Linux), unfortunately. Which means things that do more filesystem (like require_once that should resolve file pathes) are slower. Realpath cache should make it better to a measure. Anyway, the code you have sent is incorrect since it does not resolve and does not canonicalize pathnames. For example, on Windows it would consider names written in different case different file names (of course, this is only one problem of many).
-- Stanislav Malyshev, Zend Products Engineer stas@zend.com http://www.zend.com/

Mark Sanders

19 years ago
dletz@blog.de wrote:
> Wow thats fast! > > On my machine i get these results: > Win32 (PHP 5.2.1 CLI) > > require_once - 1.7735 sec > myrequire_once - 1.0973 sec
I made two benchmarks one with relative paths and one with full paths. The full paths: <? $start_time = microtime(true); define('BASEPATH', dirname(__FILE__).'/'); function myrequire_once($file) { static $loaded = array(); if (!array_key_exists($file, $loaded)) { $loaded[$file] = 1; require $file; } } for ($i=0;$i<1000;$i++) { // require_once(BASEPATH.'manyClasses/'.$i.'.class.php'); myrequire_once(BASEPATH.'manyClasses/'.$i.'.class.php'); } $execution_time = microtime(true) - $start_time; echo number_format($execution_time,4)."\n"; ?> Here the benchmarks with relative paths: Ubuntu 6.10, intel core 2 duo 1.66Ghz (It only uses one core afaik). PHP 5.2.0 (cli) (built: Mar 16 2007 19:40:08) require_once 0.1123 myrequire_once 0.2582 Ubuntu 6.10, Pentium 4 3Ghz (Dual core also but probably only using one core). PHP 5.1.6 (cli) (built: Mar 7 2007 12:48:25) require_once 0.0984 myrequire_once 0.2800 Ubuntu 7.04, AMD 64bit 3700+. PHP 5.2.1 (cli) (built: Feb 20 2007 20:11:58) require_once 0.0663 myrequire_once 0.1639 Windows 2000, AMD 64bit 3200+. PHP 5.1.4 (cli) (built: May 4 2006 10:35:22) require_once 0.1590 myrequire_once 0.5190 With full paths: Ubuntu 6.10, intel core 2 duo 1.66Ghz (It only uses one core afaik). PHP 5.2.0 (cli) (built: Mar 16 2007 19:40:08) require_once 0.1032 myrequire_once 0.3082 Ubuntu 6.10, Pentium 4 3Ghz (Dual core also but probably only using one core). PHP 5.1.6 (cli) (built: Mar 7 2007 12:48:25) require_once 0.0967 myrequire_once 0.2944 Ubuntu 7.04, AMD 64bit 3700+. PHP 5.2.1 (cli) (built: Feb 20 2007 20:11:58) require_once 0.0634 myrequire_once 0.1528 Windows 2000, AMD 64bit 3200+. PHP 5.1.4 (cli) (built: May 4 2006 10:35:22) require_once 0.2115 myrequire_once 0.6158 now I only have one windows system to test on but from this test it seems that the full path version is slower on windows then the relative paths. Which struck me as odd so I actually reran the tests several times. The myrequire_once function is generally slower across my test cases then require_once.